問題描述
我在 T-SQL 中有 2 個(gè)表，一個(gè)有 10 條記錄，一個(gè)有 11 條記錄.
I have 2 tables in T-SQL one with 10 records and one with 11.
select tbl.unit, tbl2.unid
from tbl1
left join tbl2 on tbl2.UNID = tbl1.UNIT
where tbl2.Status = 'Main'
group by unit, UNID
當(dāng) tbl1 有 11 條記錄時(shí)，這只會(huì)返回 10 條記錄.我期待缺失的記錄顯示一個(gè)值，如果 UNIT 但 UNID 為空，但不存在.
This only returns 10 records when tbl1 has 11 records. I was expecting the missing record to show a value if UNIT but null for UNID but is just is not there.
我不明白為什么會(huì)這樣
推薦答案
那么為什么 LEFT JOIN 不顯示聯(lián)接左側(cè)的所有記錄.
So why would a LEFT JOIN not show all the records from a left side of the join.
是bug嗎?
很可能不會(huì).
讓我們看一個(gè)簡化的例子.
Lets look at a simplified example.
表A有3條記錄.
ID ColA
1 Foo
2 Bar
3 Buzz
TableB 有 2 條記錄
TableB has 2 records
ID ColB
4 Foo
5 Bar
ColA 上的 INNER JOINColB 將返回 2 條記錄.
只有找到匹配項(xiàng)的那些.
An INNER JOIN on ColA & ColB would return 2 records.
Only those where a match is found.
SELECT ColA, ColB
FROM TableA a
JOIN TableB b ON b.ColB = a.ColA
返回:
ColA ColB
Foo Foo
Bar Bar
LEFT JOIN 將返回 3 條記錄.
右側(cè)帶有 NULL 表示不匹配.
A LEFT JOIN would return 3 records.
With a NULL on the right side for the unmatched.
SELECT ColA, ColB
FROM TableA a
LEFT JOIN TableB b ON b.ColB = a.ColA
返回:
ColA ColB
Foo Foo
Bar Bar
Buzz null
但是如果在右側(cè)的 WHERE 子句中使用了條件會(huì)怎樣?
But what happens if a criteria is used in the WHERE clause for the right side?
SELECT ColA, ColB
FROM TableA a
LEFT JOIN TableB b ON b.ColB = a.ColA
WHERE b.ColB IN ('Foo', 'Bar', 'Buzz')
返回:
ColA ColB
Foo Foo
Bar Bar
什么?嗡嗡聲"在哪里?
What? Where's the 'Buzz'?
你能猜到為什么 LEFT JOIN 看起來像一個(gè) INNER JOIN 嗎?
Can you guess why that LEFT JOIN seems to behave like an INNER JOIN?
解決方案是將此類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)放在ON 子句中.
The solution is to put such criteria in the ON clause.
SELECT ColA, ColB
FROM TableA a
LEFT JOIN TableB b
ON b.ColB = a.ColA AND b.ColB IN ('Foo', 'Bar', 'Buzz')
或者把條件放在WHERE中，但也允許NULL.
Or do put the criteria in the WHERE, but also allow NULL.
SELECT ColA, ColB
FROM TableA a
LEFT JOIN TableB b
ON b.ColB = a.ColA
WHERE (b.ColB IN ('Foo', 'Bar', 'Buzz')
OR b.ColB IS NULL)
返回:
ColA ColB
Foo Foo
Bar Bar
Buzz null
現(xiàn)在嗡嗡聲又回來了.
這篇關(guān)于T-SQL 左連接不返回空列的文章就介紹到這了，希望我們推薦的答案對(duì)大家有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持html5模板網(wǎng)！